Operational and economy-wide impacts of compound cyber-attacks and extreme weather events on electric power networks

The growing frequencies of extreme weather events and cyber-attacks give rise to a novel threat where malicious cyber actor aims disrupt stressed components critical infrastructure systems immediately before, during, or shortly after an event. In this paper, we initiate the study Compound Cyber–Physical Threats develop two-stage framework for analysis operational disruptions in electric power networks economy-wide impacts under three scenarios: Heatwave, Cyber-attack, scenario when Cyber-attack is timed with Heatwave. first stage, use bilevel optimization problem represent adversarial rationale cyber-attacker upper level. lower level, model network using optimal flow model. second couple disruption electricity supply Computable General Equilibrium elucidate on all economic sectors. For New York Independent System Operator, find that 9% demand increase Heatwave may not lead unserved load. cyber-attack can 4% load Long Island, while Island 12% affect almost 198,000 customers. Our results show activity state local government enterprises decrease by 37% scenario. We conclude vulnerability federal, state, broad range populations.